[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Sep 25 09:37:51 2025
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=877583d9-0c26-4937-9256-b20852d0d3a6 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/sr0 /mnt/centos_iso iso9660 ro,loop 0 0
第一步
yum clean all
yum -y update # 可选，若后续依赖报错，建议先更新
yum install -y autoconf automake bzip2 bzip2-devel cmake freetype-devel gcc gcc-c++ git libtool make pkgconfig zlib-devel第二步 创建工作目录
用于统一管理源码和编译产物：
mkdir -p /usr/local/src/ffmpeg_sources # 存放源码
mkdir -p /usr/local/ffmpeg #之前挂载的镜像是mini版的，现在挂载的是最大的版本，包比较全，
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/centos_iso/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@localhost ~]# df -HT
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs devtmpfs 498M 0 498M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 510M 0 510M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 510M 8.0M 502M 2% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 510M 0 510M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 19G 1.4G 17G 8% /
/dev/sda1 xfs 1.1G 144M 920M 14% /boot
/dev/sr0 iso9660 4.8G 4.8G 0 100% /mnt/centos_iso
tmpfs tmpfs 102M 0 102M 0% /run/user/0
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: local
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
local | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/2): local/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:00
(2/2): local/primary_db | 3.3 MB 00:00:00
repo id repo name status
local CentOS-Local-Repo 4,070
repolist: 4,070
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: local
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
local | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/4): local/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:00
(2/4): local/primary_db | 3.3 MB 00:00:00
(3/4): local/other_db | 1.3 MB 00:00:00
(4/4): local/filelists_db | 3.3 MB 00:00:00
Metadata Cache Created
要安装这个
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.8.5-44.el7 for package: gcc-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel >= 2.2.90-12 for package: gcc-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmpfr.so.4()(64bit) for package: gcc-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmpc.so.3()(64bit) for package: gcc-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package cpp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7 will be installed
---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.17-326.el7_9 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.17-326.el7_9 for package: glibc-devel-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.17-326.el7_9 for package: glibc-devel-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: glibc-devel-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64
---> Package libmpc.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package mpfr.x86_64 0:3.1.1-4.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-317.el7 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.17-317.el7 for package: glibc-common-2.17-317.el7.x86_64
---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-326.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.17-326.el7_9 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-317.el7 will be updated
---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-326.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package kernel-headers.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
========================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================
Installing:
gcc x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 local 16 M
Installing for dependencies:
cpp x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 local 5.9 M
glibc-devel x86_64 2.17-326.el7_9 local 1.1 M
glibc-headers x86_64 2.17-326.el7_9 local 691 k
kernel-headers x86_64 3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7 local 9.1 M
libmpc x86_64 1.0.1-3.el7 local 51 k
mpfr x86_64 3.1.1-4.el7 local 203 k
Updating for dependencies:
glibc x86_64 2.17-326.el7_9 local 3.6 M
glibc-common x86_64 2.17-326.el7_9 local 12 M
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+6 Dependent packages)
Upgrade ( 2 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 48 M
Downloading packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 135 MB/s | 48 MB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Updating : glibc-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64 1/11
Updating : glibc-common-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64 2/11
Installing : mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64 3/11
Installing : libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64 4/11
Installing : cpp-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64 5/11
Installing : kernel-headers-3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64 6/11
Installing : glibc-headers-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64 7/11
Installing : glibc-devel-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64 8/11
Installing : gcc-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64 9/11
Cleanup : glibc-2.17-317.el7.x86_64 10/11
Cleanup : glibc-common-2.17-317.el7.x86_64 11/11
Verifying : glibc-common-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64 1/11
Verifying : glibc-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64 2/11
Verifying : mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64 3/11
Verifying : glibc-devel-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64 4/11
Verifying : cpp-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64 5/11
Verifying : glibc-headers-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64 6/11
Verifying : gcc-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64 7/11
Verifying : libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64 8/11
Verifying : kernel-headers-3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64 9/11
Verifying : glibc-2.17-317.el7.x86_64 10/11
Verifying : glibc-common-2.17-317.el7.x86_64 11/11
Installed:
gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7
Dependency Installed:
cpp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.17-326.el7_9
glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.17-326.el7_9 kernel-headers.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7
libmpc.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.el7 mpfr.x86_64 0:3.1.1-4.el7
Dependency Updated:
glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-326.el7_9 glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-326.el7_9
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# gcc --version
gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ffmpeg_sources/nasm-3.00rc12
[root@localhost nasm-3.00rc12]# ./configure --prefix="/usr/local/ffmpeg" --bindir="/usr/local/ffmpeg/bin"
====================================================
[root@localhost nasm-3.00rc12]# nasm -v
-bash: nasm: command not found
[root@localhost nasm-3.00rc12]# vi /etc/profile
添加这个到末尾 export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/ffmpeg/bin'
使用 echo 命令（推荐）
这是最直接、最不容易出错的方法，尤其适合在脚本中使用。
bash
# 使用 echo 命令将内容追加到文件末尾
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/ffmpeg/bin' >> /etc/profile
让文件生效，使用source /etc/profile
===================================================================================
cd /usr/local/src/ffmpeg_sources
curl -O -L https://www.nasm.us/pub/nasm/releasebuilds/2.16.01/nasm-2.16.01.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf nasm-2.16.01.tar.bz2
cd nasm-2.16.01
./configure --prefix="/usr/local/ffmpeg" --bindir="/usr/local/ffmpeg/bin"
make
make install
# Yasm
cd /usr/local/src/ffmpeg_sources
curl -O -L https://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz
cd yasm-1.3.0
./configure --prefix="/usr/local/ffmpeg" --bindir="/usr/local/ffmpeg/bin"
make
make install
2. 安装视频编码器
bash
# x264 (H.264 编码器)
cd /usr/local/src/ffmpeg_sources
curl -O -L https://code.videolan.org/videolan/x264/-/archive/master/x264-master.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf x264-master.tar.bz2
cd x264-master
PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/ffmpeg/lib/pkgconfig" ./configure --prefix="/usr/local/ffmpeg" --bindir="/usr/local/ffmpeg/bin" --enable-static
make
make installcd /usr/local/src/ffmpeg_sources
curl -O -L http://ftp.videolan.org/pub/videolan/x265/x265_3.5.tar.gz
tar -zxvf 3.5.tar.gz
cd x265-3.5/build/linux
cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="/usr/local/ffmpeg" -DENABLE_SHARED=off ../../source
make
make install3. 安装音频编码器
bash
# fdk-aac (高质量 AAC 编码器)
cd /usr/local/src/ffmpeg_sources
curl -O -L https://github.com/mstorsjo/fdk-aac/archive/refs/tags/v2.0.3.tar.gz
tar -zxvf v2.0.3.tar.gz
cd fdk-aac-2.0.3
autoreconf -fiv
./configure --prefix="/usr/local/ffmpeg" --disable-shared
make
make install
# LAME (MP3 编码器)
cd /usr/local/src/ffmpeg_sources
curl -O -L https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.100/lame-3.100.tar.gz
tar -zxvf lame-3.100.tar.gz
cd lame-3.100
./configure --prefix="/usr/local/ffmpeg" --bindir="/usr/local/ffmpeg/bin" --disable-shared --enable-nasm
make
make install备份并替换 epel.repo 文件
执行以下命令，它会用一个指向阿里云 EPEL 镜像的干净配置来替换你现有的 epel.repo 文件。
bash
# 1. 备份当前的 epel.repo 文件，以防万一
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo.bak
# 2. 创建一个新的 epel.repo 文件，内容指向阿里云镜像
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo << 'EOF'
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
EOF
为什么这个方法能行？
固定 baseurl：我们直接写死了 baseurl，使用了国内速度飞快的阿里云镜像，避免了 yum 去解析可能出错的 metalink。
简化配置：这个配置非常简洁，yum 很容易处理，不会出错。
步骤 2：清理并重建缓存（关键！）
现在配置文件已经是最简洁可靠的版本了，我们必须再次清理旧的、可能已损坏的缓存。
bash
yum clean all
yum makecache
这次执行 yum makecache，你应该能看到 epel 源被成功处理，不再报错。
步骤 3：再次尝试安装
缓存重建成功后，yum 就可以从阿里云镜像中找到并下载软件包了。
bash
yum install -y meson ninja-build./configure --prefix="/usr/local/ffmpeg" \
--pkg-config-flags="--static" \
--extra-cflags="-I/usr/local/ffmpeg/include" \
--extra-ldflags="-L/usr/local/ffmpeg/lib" \
--extra-libs="-lpthread -lm" \
--bindir="/usr/local/bin" \
--enable-gpl \
--enable-nonfree \
--enable-libfdk-aac \
--enable-libmp3lame \
--enable-libx264 \
--enable-libx265# 1. 确认 PKG_CONFIG_PATH 环境变量正确，这能帮助 ffmpeg 找到你安装的库
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/ffmpeg/lib/pkgconfig"
# 2. 运行 configure 命令 (已移除 opus和vpx)
./configure --prefix="/usr/local/ffmpeg" \
--pkg-config-flags="--static" \
--extra-cflags="-I/usr/local/ffmpeg/include" \
--extra-ldflags="-L/usr/local/ffmpeg/lib" \
--extra-libs="-lpthread -lm" \
--bindir="/usr/local/bin" \
--enable-gpl \
--enable-nonfree \
--enable-libfdk-aac \
--enable-libmp3lame \
--enable-libx264 \
--enable-libx265
# 3. 编译 (使用多线程加速，速度更快)
make -j$(nproc)
# 4. 安装
make install
# 5. 验证安装
echo "编译安装完成！正在验证..."
ffmpeg -version
echo "----------------------------------------"
echo "你编译的 ffmpeg 支持的编码器和解码器如下："
echo "支持的音频编码器 (包含 fdk_aac, mp3lame):"
ffmpeg -encoders | grep -E "fdk_aac|mp3lame"
echo "----------------------------------------"
echo "支持的视频编码器 (包含 libx264, libx265):"
ffmpeg -encoders | grep -E "libx264|libx265"
总结
这就是最后的完整步骤了。执行完之后，你就会拥有一个功能强大的 ffmpeg，它支持：
音频编码: AAC (via
libfdk-aac), MP3 (vialibmp3lame)视频编码: H.264 (via
libx264), H.265/HEVC (vialibx265)
虽然它不支持 Opus 音频和 VP8/VP9 视频，但对于绝大多数应用场景来说，这已经是一个非常实用和强大的组合了。